Introduction

Introduction to GraphQL

GraphQL is a query language for APIs and a runtime for executing those queries, allowing clients to fetch precisely the data they need—nothing more, nothing less.

Unlike traditional REST APIs, where multiple requests are often needed to gather data, GraphQL consolidates everything into a single query.

Using GraphQL

GraphQL is particularly suited for modern applications where data requirements vary based on users, interfaces, or devices. Clients define their ideal data structure, and the server responds in a predictable format, reducing unnecessary calls and response overhead.

Key Advantages

• Flexibility: Clients request exactly the data they need, improving performance.

• Scalability: Schema changes don’t break existing queries, making it easier to add features without impacting existing clients.

• Built-in Documentation: The schema provides a clear overview of the API’s capabilities, enhancing understanding and speeding up team integration.

With these benefits, GraphQL has become a preferred tool for teams aiming to optimize communication between frontend and backend while delivering a better user experience.

GraphQL requests

Every GraphQL request has a URL and a query. The URL is the endpoint where the data is hosted, and the query defines what data to retrieve or manipulate. The API's schema defines available data fields. The request can also contain authentication, headers, and settings based on the requirements specified by the API.

GraphQL requests can perform three types of operations:

• Query - Retrieves data from the server. Queries specify the required data fields and can include arguments for more precise data retrieval.

• Mutation - Manipulates data on the server, including creating, updating, or deleting records. Mutations specify the fields to be returned after the operation and use arguments to detail the manipulation.

• Subscription - Gets real-time data updates from the server. Subscriptions enable clients to listen to specific data fields and receive updates automatically over a persistent connection.